Node.js is built on the V8 JavaScript engine, which compiles JavaScript into highly efficient machine code. This results in fast execution speeds.
Node.js has an event-driven, nonblocking I/O model. This means that it can handle simultaneous tasks without blocking code execution. This makes Node.js ideal for real-time apps and multiple connections.
The ability to use JavaScript on both the client and server sides allows developers to use the same language throughout the application stack, simplifying development and code sharing.
Node.js is efficient in I/O tasks, but its single-threaded design can hinder CPU-intensive operations. Heavy computations may disrupt event loops, affecting responsiveness.
Asynchronous programming in Node.js often involves using callbacks, which can lead to complex and nested code structures known as "callback hell." This can make code less readable and harder to maintain.
Developers who are new to asynchronous programming and event-driven architecture may face a steep learning curve when adopting Node.js. Understanding concepts like event loops and callbacks can take time.